Ten Failures that Shaped the 20th Century American City
by Laurence C. Gerckens

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Planning historian Larry Gerckens takes a closer look at what he considers the ten most significant "failures" that shaped the development of America's cities in the 20th century.


From PCJ #38, Spring 2000
  • companion article, Ten Successes that Shaped the 20th Century American City
  • see also Ten Events that Shaped the 20th Century American City
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  • The Ten Failures Discussed by Gerckens:
  • The Demise of Community-Oriented Design & Development
  • The Lost Vision of Regional Planning
  • The Fragmented Nature of Metropolitan Governance
  • The Unfulfilled Promise of High Tech Housing
  • The Landscape of Racial and Economic Segregation
  • Disinvestment in Public Transit
  • Defaulting on the Promise of Public Housing
  • Abandonment of the Quest for a "Great Society"
  • Narrowing the Mission of HUD
  • Comprehensive Planning Constrained ...

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